Healthy trees are an asset. They provide cooling shade, habitat for birds, and
can increase the value of your property. This information is provided to help
you care for the trees around your residence.
There are some very good things you can do to promote heathly, long-lived
trees. And there are a number of things you will want to avoid. If in doubt,
call a member of the National ARBORIST Association or
Green Man Tree Services of Waukesha for advice specific to your
region and variety of tree or shrub.
Topping...Don't
Do It!
Topping or stubbing are examples of removing large branches from mature
trees. A topped tree is a disfigured tree and although it was intended to help
the tree, the opposite is the result.
When a large amount of a tree's canopy (umbrella) is removed, the crown to
root ratio is imbalanced and this adversely affects the tree's nutrition. It
also exposes the tree to the sun which can result in scalding. Topped trees
develop multiple branches or suckers, at or near the pruning cut. These branches
generally are weakly attached and are prone to failure.
A topped tree is also vunerable to disease as the stubs have a difficult time
forming protective callus and this invites invasion of fungi and insects. The
location of the topping cuts may also prevent the tree's natural defense system
from doing its job.
Finally, topping trees represents an unwarranted expense. A topped tree will
often grow back to its original height quickly, and it will be more dense than
one that has been pruned correctly. Other costs may be hidden, such as loss of
property value that a well-maintained tree will encourage. There is also
increased hazard from branches that have weakened as a result of the topping.
Inflicted Wounds
Wounds made by climbing spikes invite infection. There will be holes in the
tree bark. These injuries often do not repair efficiently or effectively.
Mechanical Injuries
Lawn mowers and string trimmers hitting the bark of a tree can severely
damage the inner bark and cambium near the soil line. This damage invites
insects and fungi infestation. The best advice is to remove sod from around the
base of the tree and replace with mulch.
Soil Compaction
Compacted soil is not easily penetrated by water and air, the two basic needs
for strong, healthy roots. Soil compaction can be caused by heavy equipment used
near a tree, concrete over the root zone, even foot traffic can cause soil
compaction. Do not store items by the tree.
Take Care with New Plantings
Do not plant a new tree with a wire basket, rope, or anything that may
constrict or "girdle" the roots. Girdled roots seriously affect the health and
the stability of a tree. Plan where you want to plant a new tree based on its
type and mature size. Be cautious when planting trees near a home foundation,
patio, driveway, under power lines, or under a home's eaves.
Excessive Soil
Too much fill over a newly planted tree's roots can cause damage, and may
even kill some species. Take care not to plant tree too deep.
Excavation/Construction Damage
Building foundations, driveway, sidewalk & road excavation are common
events that can cause serious damage to a tree's root system. Construction
damage may not be immediately noticeable, but over a period of years the health
of the tree will decline as a result of root damage.
A prized tree may be inadvertently, but fatally injured when care is not
taken during excavation or construction. If you are building near an existing
tree, consider calling an arborist to advise on the project during the planning
phase, before any work has begun.
Whats Good for Trees
Pruning/Thinning
Pruning is needed to remove dead, diseased, injured, broken, rubbing and
crowded limbs. Trees are thinned to allow for the wind and air to flow through.
Proper thinning reduces wind resistence often responsible for uprooting or
creating deformities.
A well-thinned tree reflects a skilled arborist with good judgement and it is
worthwhile investment in a valued tree. Healthy, well-formed trees increase the
value of property. And the opposite is also true.
A well-pruned tree will hardly look like it has been pruned. The tree will
retain the characteristics of its species. Some tree species are small, some are
large. A skilled arborist will not make a large tree small as that is contrary
to industry standards.
When to Prune
Tree pruning to remove hazardous limbs, dead and diseased branches, can be
accomplished at any time. Light pruning can usually be done at any time. Large
cuts are best made in late winter or early spring. Correct pruning is more
important than timing.
Drainage/Aeration/Vertical Mulching
If the soil drains easily, it is usually well aerated. Soil that does not
drain, needs aeration. An adequate supply of oxygen and water to the roots is
essential. Vertical mulching can improve the soil and encourage root growth and
water uptake. For this, holes are drilled around the root zone and filled with
small gravel or other material for the purpose.
Watering
The frequency of watering depends of the type of soil and the amount of
rainfall. Water must be allowed to soak deep into the ground. The most
beneficial time to water trees is in the early morning. Water slowly or use drip
irrigation until the water has moistened down to the roots. Do not allow water
to puddle or accumulate and runoff. This is wasteful and can be detrimental to
root growth and function.
Tree Nutrition & Fertilizing
Trees require certain essential elements to function and grow. Fertilizing a
tree can increase growth, reduce susceptibility to certain diseases and pests,
and can help reverse declining health.
Green Man Tree & Landscape Services
Serving Waukesha, Milwaukee and Surrounding areas
414-301-9807
https://thegreenmancompany.com Waukesha Tree Services, Tree Removal, Mulch, Landscaping and wood products.
All trees & wood by-products removed from your property will be reused to make fine furniture, firewood or re-purposed into high quality compost and soil for gardeners.